书城旅游一本书畅游世界顶级景点
14510300000016

第16章 欧洲——享受最惊艳的视觉盛宴(2)

The Talent China Pavilion

The 33rd British Museum Hall is designed for permanent exhibition of Chinese artifacts on display, the museum collection of Chinese antiquities in China include the categories of art, ancient stone tools, Shang and Zhou bronzes, stone Buddha of Wei and Jin Dynasty, Tang and Song paintings, Ming and Qing porcelain, etc. There are various of works marking Chinese history.

《亚尼的死者之书》

《亚尼的死者之书》是大英博物馆镇馆之宝。这是距今3,200年前的画在草纸上的画。此画全长24公尺,用长达60章的篇幅,描绘死者在来世获得永生所需的咒文和约定事项。亚尼是个历史真实存在的人物,这幅画是亚尼的陪葬品。

罗塞塔石碑

罗塞塔石碑自1802年起保存于大英博物馆中并公开展示。它是一块制作于公元前196年的大理石石碑,高1.14米,宽0.73米。本来是一块刻有埃及国王托勒密五世诏书的石碑。石碑上用三种不同语言刻了同样的内容,这三种语言是希腊文字、古埃及文字和当时的本地文字,它们让近代的考古学家有机会对照着解读出已经失传千余年的埃及象形文的结构和意义,如今这是古埃及历史研究的重要里程碑。

夏洛蒂·勃朗特的遗物

大英博物馆还有著名的图书馆,因为起先大英博物馆就是汉斯·斯隆爵士捐赠的私人图书馆,后来的英王乔治四世又捐赠了大量书籍。这里是马克思为他的不朽之作——《资本论》收集资料和写作的主要场所,许多游客都喜欢来参观马克思当年常坐的座位。

这里还有夏洛蒂·勃朗特在比利时留学时追求教授写的情书,夏洛蒂·勃朗特谩骂简·奥斯丁的信笺原稿以及夏洛蒂·勃朗特与一些三流写手对骂的照片。

巧夺天工的中国馆

大英博物馆的33号展厅是专门陈列中国文物的永久性展厅,该馆门类齐全,美不胜收。收藏了中国整个艺术类别,远古石器、商周青铜器、魏晋石佛经卷、唐宋书画、明清瓷器等中国文物。这里随处可见标刻着中国历史的国宝。

The Most Touching Love Letters in History 史上最感人的情书

Charlotte Bronte, the author of the world famous Jane Eyre once fell in love with a Belgian professor whose name is Haig.

At that time, Charlotte Bronte was a family teacher in Haig’s home. Haig enthusiastically encouraged her to write and help her with writing skills. Charlotte was moved, so in love with him.

Later, Charlotte began to write a love letter in French to the professor. But professors did not accept, he tore a love letter, and explained that Charlotte had misunderstood his friendship, if she continues in this way, he will end their friendship, Charlotte heard, got especially sad, she gave the professor another love letter, wrote: “If you cut off my friendship, I would despair.”

She was very painful so that she continued to write love letters to the professor. There is a love letter that revealed her frustration: “I do not know how to do with the ubiquitous friendship ... I clenched grip of it as if it were my life.”

Haig tore a love letter, but his wife picked out the scraps of paper, re-bonded together in an attempt to seduce evidence. After his death, his son donated the letters to the British Museum.

These love letters are the important reference of studying Charlotte’s novel Villette. In this novel, Charlotte describes a young British woman in love with a Belgian teacher, unfortunately. Charlotte is the simple and melancholy prototype of the heroine.

世界名著《简·爱》的作者夏洛蒂·勃朗特曾经爱上过一个比利时教授,教授的名字叫做黑格。

当时,夏洛蒂·勃朗特在黑格家中当家庭教师,黑格热情地鼓励夏洛蒂写作,并教她写作技巧,夏洛蒂非常感动,于是爱上了他。

后来,夏洛蒂开始用法语给教授写情书。可是教授不接受,他把情书撕了,并解释说夏洛蒂误解了他的友谊,如果她再这样下去,他会结束彼此的友谊,夏洛蒂听了,特别伤心,她又给教授写了一份情书,写道:“如果你断绝与我的友谊,我会彻底绝望的。”

她很痛苦,继续给教授写情书,有一封情书透露出她的无奈:“我不知道面对一份无所不在的友谊时该怎么做……我握紧它就好像握紧生命一样。”

黑格撕毁了情书,但是他的妻子把碎纸片拣出来,重新粘合在一起,企图把这当作夏洛蒂勾引丈夫的证据。黑格死后,他的儿子将它们捐给了大英博物馆。

这些情书是后人研究夏洛蒂的小说《维莱特》的重要参考材料。在这部小说中,夏洛蒂描写了一位英国女青年不幸爱上了一位比利时教师。夏洛蒂本人就是这位朴素而忧郁的女主人公的原型。

12. Big Ben and Westminster Cathedral:A Microcosm of British History 英国历史的缩影——大本钟和威斯敏斯特教堂

Big Ben is the symbol of London and England. In 1859, the Public Works Minister Benjamin produced it and Ben is the nickname of Benjamin. Westminster Cathedral is the UK’s Holy Land, known as the spire of honor pagoda. In addition to the royal family, many great men in all kinds of fields were also buried there.

大本钟是伦敦市的标志和英国的象征。1859年,由当时的英王工务大臣本杰明监制,本是本杰明的昵称。威斯敏斯特大教堂是英国的圣地,被称为“荣誉的宝塔尖”,除了王室成员,英国许多领域的伟大人物也埋葬在此。

The Adjacent World-renowned Resorts 享誉世界的两大毗邻胜地

“Westminster” in English means “the West Church”, because in the past it was in the west suburb of the City of London, and in the west of St. Paul’s Cathedral. And a church had indeed been built here. In the middle of 11th century, King EdwardⅠbuilt a palace here and rebuilt the church.

Westminster Cathedral, adjacent to the magnificent Parliament building and as high as Big Ben clock tower into the sky, with 13.5 tons of heavy bells ringing deep issue through television and radio passed all over the world.

“Big Ben” is the clock in the Palace of Westminster, in a conference room attached to the British Parliament. Surrounded by a circular disk, is a traditional London landmarks. Big Ben is huge and gorgeous, four clocks facing with two square meters of area. Since 1859, Big Ben began to timekeep for the City of London, based on GMT sounded once every hour, the sound was sonorous, sweet. British radio and television stations broadcast a daily news program, are based on the sound of Big Ben chime prelude.

“威斯敏斯特”的英文意思是“西教堂”。因为过去这里是伦敦城西郊,又处在圣保罗大教堂以西,而且当初这里确实曾建有一座教堂。11世纪中期,英王爱德华一世在这里修建了一座宫殿并重建了教堂。

威斯敏斯特大教堂毗邻气势宏伟的议会大厦和高耸蓝天的大本钟楼,钟楼里13.5吨重的洪钟发出深沉的鸣响,通过电视和收音机传遍世界。

大本钟是威斯敏斯特宫报时钟,在英国国会会议厅附属的钟楼上。钟楼四面的圆形钟盘,是伦敦的传统地标。大本钟巨大而华丽,四个钟面的面积有两平方米左右。大本钟从1859年就为伦敦城报时,根据格林尼治时间每隔一小时敲响一次,大钟发出的报时声,铿锵悦耳,余音袅袅。英国电台、电视台每天播放的新闻节目,都是以大本钟的报时声为前奏。

Big Ben:A Symbol of the United Kingdom 大本钟——英国的象征

When Queen Victoria ascended the throne in 1837, she built a clock tower. It is not the original mosaic Big Ben, in 1834, because someone was burning stove in the parliament building to fire in a large number of government documents and caused a fire, the buildings razed to the ground.

In 1840, Parliament began to be rebuilt, Big Ben and Parliament Building, built in 1859 in the northeast corner of the main building, costing £27,000. Big Ben clock is considered a symbol of London, where sightseeing in London who all think of Big Ben, standing on the bridge to enjoy London’s unique style of architecture.

On May 31, 2009, Big Ben spent its 150-year-old birthday. It is responsible for British watchmakers that Big Ben will lose power every three days, so they must climb three times a week for its winding. Also, they can adjust the pendulum above the place by the small coin to adjust the speed of Big Ben.