And then comes Sir Mastiff,like a worthy champion,in full career at the throat of his adversary;and then shall Sir Bruin teach him the reward for those who,in their over-courage,neglect the policies of war,and,catching him in his arms,strain him to his breast like a lusty wrestler,until rib after rib crack like the shot of a pistolet.And then another mastiff;as bold,but with better aim and sounder judgment,catches Sir Bruin by the nether lip,and hangs fast,while he tosses about his blood and slaver,and tries in vain to shake Sir Talbot from his hold.And then--Nay,by my honour,my lord,said the Queen,laughing,you have described the whole so admirably that,had we never seen a bear-baiting,as we have beheld many,and hope,with Heaven's allowance,to see many more,your words were sufficient to put the whole Bear-garden before our eyes.--But come,who speaks next in this case?--My Lord of Leicester,what say you?Am I then to consider myself as unmuzzled,please your Grace?replied Leicester.
Surely,my lord--that is,if you feel hearty enough to take part in our game,answered Elizabeth;and yet,when I think of your cognizance of the bear and ragged staff,methinks we had better hear some less partial orator.Nay,on my word,gracious Princess,said the Earl,though my brother Ambrose of Warwick and I do carry the ancient cognizance your Highness deigns to remember,I nevertheless desire nothing but fair play on all sides;or,as they say,'fight dog,fight bear.'And in behalf of the players,I must needs say that they are witty knaves,whose rants and jests keep the minds of the commons from busying themselves with state affairs,and listening to traitorous speeches,idle rumours,and disloyal insinuations.
When men are agape to see how Marlow,Shakespeare,and other play artificers work out their fanciful plots,as they call them,the mind of the spectators is withdrawn from the conduct of their rulers.We would not have the mind of our subjects withdrawn from the consideration of our own conduct,my lord,answered Elizabeth;because the more closely it is examined,the true motives by which we are guided will appear the more manifest.I have heard,however,madam,said the Dean of St.Asaph's,an eminent Puritan,that these players are wont,in their plays,not only to introduce profane and lewd expressions,tending to foster sin and harlotry;but even to bellow out such reflections on government,its origin and its object,as tend to render the subject discontented,and shake the solid foundations of civil society.And it seems to be,under your Grace's favour,far less than safe to permit these naughty foul-mouthed knaves to ridicule the godly for their decent gravity,and,in blaspheming heaven and slandering its earthly rulers,to set at defiance the laws both of God and man.If we could think this were true,my lord,said Elizabeth,we should give sharp correction for such offences.But it is ill arguing against the use of anything from its abuse.And touching this Shakespeare,we think there is that in his plays that is worth twenty Bear-gardens;and that this new undertaking of his Chronicles,as he calls them,may entertain,with honest mirth,mingled with useful instruction,not only our subjects,but even the generation which may succeed to us.Your Majesty's reign will need no such feeble aid to make it remembered to the latest posterity,said Leicester.And yet,in his way,Shakespeare hath so touched some incidents of your Majesty's happy government as may countervail what has been spoken by his reverence the Dean of St.Asaph's.There are some lines,for example--I would my nephew,Philip Sidney,were here;they are scarce ever out of his mouth--they are spoken in a mad tale of fairies,love-charms,and I wot not what besides;but beautiful they are,however short they may and must fall of the subject to which they bear a bold relation--and Philip murmurs them,I think,even in his dreams.You tantalize us,my lord,said the Queen--Master Philip Sidney is,we know,a minion of the Muses,and we are pleased it should be so.Valour never shines to more advantage than when united with the true taste and love of letters.But surely there are some others among our young courtiers who can recollect what your lordship has forgotten amid weightier affairs.--Master Tressilian,you are described to me as a worshipper of Minerva--remember you aught of these lines?
Tressilian's heart was too heavy,his prospects in life too fatally blighted,to profit by the opportunity which the Queen thus offered to him of attracting her attention;but he determined to transfer the advantage to his more ambitious young friend,and excusing himself on the score of want of recollection,he added that he believed the beautiful verses of which my Lord of Leicester had spoken were in the remembrance of Master Walter Raleigh.
At the command of the Queen,that cavalier repeated,with accent and manner which even added to their exquisite delicacy of tact and beauty of description,the celebrated vision of Oberon:--That very time I saw (but thou couldst not),Flying between the cold moon and the earth,Cupid,allarm'd:a certain aim he took At a fair vestal,throned by the west;And loos'd his love-shaft smartly from his bow,As it should pierce a hundred thousand hearts:
But I might see young Cupid's fiery shaft Quench'd in the chaste beams of the watery moon;And the imperial vot'ress passed on,In maiden meditation,fancy free.The voice of Raleigh,as he repeated the last lines,became a little tremulous,as if diffident how the Sovereign to whom the homage was addressed might receive it,exquisite as it was.If this diffidence was affected,it was good policy;but if real,there was little occasion for it.The verses were not probably new to the Queen,for when was ever such elegant flattery long in reaching the royal ear to which it was addressed?But they were not the less welcome when repeated by such a speaker as Raleigh.