书城社科英语节目主持艺术
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第27章 对外英语广播的主持艺术——“软新闻”(10)

Somebody asked him:Were all these worth doing?What he answered was:“I regard Chinese Nation as a big family and I am a family member.I should help others members if they are in trouble.”Liu Qiankun believes that as long as others could have good lives,what he did was the happiest things.

This is a story of an ordinary policeman in China.Now let's contact with our Coach Lin and listen to his opinion based on this matter.Hello,Coach Lin……

Q 1:What do you think of this almsdeed?Is it applaudable or disap-plaudable?

A-1:…

Q-2:If you were a normal policeman,would you do the almsdeed like him?Why?

A-2:…

Q-3:Should we learn something from him?

A-3:…

No.6:It is so exciting to share this story with all of you,our viewers.See you next time!

[评点]

这档节目是以新闻当事人的行为为中心展开的,那么,“行为”的亮点之处就是形成新闻的原因所在。这档在实训中呈现的节目有以下几个方面值得借鉴。

第一是主播开场白的明了。达成这种“明了”的词语就是直接点出了新闻当事人30年默默捐款的行为,突出了“亮点”。也形成令受众好奇当事人这样做的原因和解释,形成吸引人关注的“伏笔”。

第二是以“描述”的方式进行内容的“讲述”,此处主播用的“Let's see…”就形成了解答受众所关心的“为什么”的问题,为当事人的所作与其自身生活状态形成鲜明的对比,符合介绍“软新闻”的要求。

第三是在“现场连线”环节的问题设计。在这一部分,值得肯定的是问题有“特殊疑问句”的结构,但是又有“画蛇添足”的选择式限定,是应该避免的。另一个问题的设计显得有些唐突,对连线嘉宾不公,因为把问题推到了其本人身上。如果嘉宾这时反问主播同样的问题,主播该如何面对呢?

[笔者主观映象]

对这档节目的设计,笔者的主观映象是这样的。

首先,开场白要直接突出新闻当事人“30年”的“默默捐款”的事实,而后突出其月收入与日常生活的状态,进而形成新闻传播需要的“冲突”或可称为“戏剧化”程度;

其次,在作为节目的中心环节的“讲述”部分,主播的神态是平静而又稳重的、语速和语调是平缓的、着装等外形是最普通不过的生活装,即便是年轻的主播以衬衣配牛仔裤,都是可以接受的。但是,不允许女主播的时尚发型和装饰及“浓妆”出现,男主播的发胶堆砌的头发和宽项链等。另外,在“现场连线”环节,问题的设计可以更为“软化”,比如可以是以“商榷”的口吻提出,毕竟这样的节目是需要进行新闻事件分析的。

最后,结束语部分需要主播简练而又到位的总结。

Round-2:《My Space》

《My Space》——“Happy English”

No.1:Hi,friends,welcome to the studio of Happy English.My name is Shen Chenlin.Today,let's learn two idioms about SIT“sit”.As we know,“sit”means being in a position in which the lower part of the body is resting on a seat.But do you know the meaning of“to sit on one's hands?”People always express their appreciation of a performance on the stage with applause.However,the audiences will sit on their hands if the show or performance is not fine or exciting.For instance,“Man,that's sure a tough audience out there tonight!I thought I sang well but the audience really sat on their hands-I tell you I never want to come back to this lousy place!”

That's the complaint from a singer.He was very angry about the audiences because there was no applause during the show.I think this singer always feels good,right?But the audiences are fair.This show must be a failure.

Another use of“to sit on one's hands”means not to agree immediately.Not because he dislikes the activity,maybe there are other reasons.Let's look at this example.A student was talking about his experience of inviting a teacher called Emily to help students to organize the drama club.He said:“Emily loved the idea.But she sat on her hands for 2 weeks.I finally realized we should have asked her to be the director.We did,and now she is working harder for the club than anybody else.”

That's a good example.The reason why Emily dragged,in another word,“to sit on her hands”is because she wants to be the director.

OK,now let's learn our today's second idiom“to sit on the fence”.Mm…please don't construe this idiom as taking the fence as the seat.Actually,“to sit on the fence”means remaining neutral towards a matter.And nowadays,it also means a person hesitates about something and has no idea.Here is the example:“Jack sat on the fence for weeks before he made up his mind to go out for baseball instead of track.A good choice for the school:he turns out to be the best player on the team.”

OK,Jack suffered a period of mental struggle but finally made a good choice.

Well,have you learnt the use of the idioms today?“to sit on one's hands”means to dislike.“to sit on the fence”means have not made a decision yet.

OK,Happy English,Happy learning.That's the end of our today's program Happy English.See you tomorrow.

[评点]

在众多的英语节目类型里,英语语言教学节目还是很讨巧的。而在这档节目里,设计者将聚焦点投射在了“习语”的学习上。这就形成了被笔者选在本书里以做“模型”的原因之一,但是,值得更多说一说的是这档节目在实训过程里呈现时达成的风格。

第一,主播的整体气质与节目内容结合得比较自然。笔者再次提出的“整体气质”,一是主播自身的外形具有的“书卷气”,而更重要的是其英语发音的准确度,使其主持这一节目具有说服力;二是由于这类节目不是新闻类的变种,所以,在介绍语言知识时,就需要既有趣又生动还要易懂。在这档节目里,设计者运用的几个贴切的例子,就很好地把本档节目要介绍的“习语”知识点同现实中的使用方法结合起来了,而且例子又是具有跨越文化隔阂的、具有普遍意义的,就更具令受众想象力落到实处的力量。

第二,主播的身体语言表现得恰到好处。由于是一档语言教学类的节目,所以,主播在镜头前的造型是很受局限的。但是,在这档实训展示的节目里,主播除了放松以外,还能够不温不火又不失其年纪具有的朝气。这种体现朝气的方式,就是通过身体语言表现出来的。比如,点头的程度、脸部面对镜头时不似如拍摄标准照般地完全正面地对着镜头,而是45至50度地两面轮换着对准镜头讲话,这样,就形成了不同于新闻主播等主持的状态。

第三,主播的英语和母语的相互转换的自然度。因为是用汉语字幕来体现,希望受众掌握的讲解关键内容点,所以,同主播使用英语展开的节目内容是相辅相成的。但是,主播要不时地用英语来提醒受众关注屏幕上不时出现的汉语“关键点”。有时会形成令受众思维跳跃的感觉,但更多时候,只要主播的语言保持出从头到尾的一致状态,就会减少受众的思维跳跃状态。谈及此处,也再一次促使笔者强调:那种以主播既说汉语又说英语的语言教学节目是不可取的。

总之,这档在实训中呈现的英语语言教学节目,不仅达到了基本要求,而且还形成了与主持风格相互辉映的掌控魅力。

[笔者主观映象]

在笔者的对各类主持人“评头品足”的主观映像世界里,鉴于对使用非母语英语进行英语语言教学类节目的主持人的表现比较苛刻还是有解释的必要的。这是因为:

第一,语言过关达到近乎完美,这是能令受众锁定节目的最基本点;

第二,主持人的风格是持重而非“秀”语言能力,这是符合教学类节目的最基本主持风格;

第三,主持人的外形与气质要有“书卷气”,这并不意味着主持人做作地戴上眼镜。实际上,根据主持人的年纪而达到既时尚又知性的状态,也是“贴切的”或“恰到好处”的;

第四,为了使节目更好看、轻松,主持人也可走出演播室进行外景主持,或者是将“情境”设计为“教室”等,使得“寓教于乐”的理念得到体现。

一句话,看似最简单的英语语言教学类节目的主持,实际上是最考验主持人的掌控力的。最具体表现为:外在的基本职业素质的体现,即:外形+形体语言;内在的知识积累形成的张力和爆发力,即:气质+语言能力。

《My Space》——“Hit Idol”

No.2:(Host):Hello my dear audiences.Welcome to our today's program Hit Idol.Today I will introduce a very famous idol,her name is Lindsay Lohan.I think everyone knows her,right?Yeah!

Host:Her whole name is Lindsay Dee Lohan,she was born on July 2th,1986.She is an American actress,model and pop singer.Lindsay started her career in show business as a child fashion model for magazine advertisement and television commercials.When she was 10,she began her acting career in the soap opera“Another World”.At 11,she made her motion picture debut by playing identical twins in Disney 1988,remark of“The Parent Trap”.